与日常用语相比,商务英语特别是商务写作的表达要更为正式。那么如何修改用词,使得表达更为正式呢?
首先,商务词汇一般选用词义比较单一的词来代替词义相对灵活的词。
看下面两个句子:
✖ Please correct your copy of the contract accordingly.
✔ Please amend your copy of the contract accordingly.
correct和amend都有表示“修改”的意思,但是在商务英语中,我们使用amend就显得比较严谨,而correct是一个口语常用词汇,我们一般就不会使用,类似这样的词汇还有tell → inform;buy → purchase;start → commence等等。
其次,商务词汇一般选用单个动词替代相同意义的动词词组,显得更加正式。比如下面的句子:
✖ They managed to set up the brand loyalty of their consumers.
✔ They managed to establish the brand loyalty of their consumers.
set up和establish都表示“建立”,如果在口语中,这两种表达都可以,语法也都符合规则,但是在商务书面语中倾向于用单个动词,更为严谨。还比如keep / go on → continue; add to → supplement等等。
再者,商务词汇一般会使用复杂的介词短语来代替简单的介词和连词,从而体现商务书面语的正式性。
比如:
✖ We can grant you a 5% discount if your order in no less than 1000 dozen.
✔ We can grant you a 5% discount provided that your order in no less than 1000 dozen.
if和provided that 都表示“如果”,但是在商务书面语中倾向于使用复杂的provided that来体现其严谨性与正式性。类似的替换还有for → for the purpose of;because of → by virtue of;about → with reference to / with regard to等等。